Estratégias para resolutividade assertiva da campanha de diagnóstico e prevenção do câncer bucal / Strategies for assertive resolution of the oral cancer diagnosis and prevention campaign

Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade das Campanhas de Prevenção do Câncer Bucal na cidade de Ribeirão Preto nos anos de 2010-2014, inseridas durante as Campanhas de Vacinação contra a Gripe em idosos. Métodos: A partir do banco de dados da Secretaria Municipal de Ribeirão Preto, do Centro de Atendimento Especializado em Diagnóstico Oral (Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, USP) e da Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, foram reunidas as informações para avaliação da resolutividade desta ação. Resultados: De 57.682 pacientes examinados, 1.121 foram encaminhados aos centros de referência para elucidação diagnóstica. Houve consistência na proporção de pacientes examinados e encaminhados. Foram diagnosticados 2,89% de pacientes com lesões malignas, 9,15% com lesões pré-malignas e 62,92% com lesões benignas. Análises específicas indicaram 74,96% de resolutividade. Conclusão: As estratégias usadas durante as campanhas de prevenção do câncer bucal apresentam resolutividade e recomendamos que passem a ser incluídas em Campanhas como a de vacinação contra gripe em idosos.(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Oral Cancer Prevention Campaigns in the city of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, from 2010 to 2014, set during the campaigns of vaccination against influenza in the elderly. Material and Methods: Information was gathered from the City of Ribeirão Preto's database from the Center for Specialized Care in Oral Diagnoses (Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, USP) and the University of Ribeirão Preto. Results: Of the 57,682 patients examined, 1,121 were referred to reference centers for a laboratory diagnosis of oral cancer. A consistent proportion of patients were screened and forwarded; 2.89% were patients diagnosed with malignant lesions; 9.15% with pre-malignant lesions and 62.92% with benign lesions. Specific analysis indicated that 74.96% were successful in their resolutions. Conclusion: The strategies used during the oral cancer prevention campaigns are effective and should be included in campaigns such as influenza vaccination in the elderly.(AU)

Self-perception of Venous Symptoms and Quality of Life Analysis in Wheelchair Athletes and Non-athletes: A Pilot Study.

Aims: Evaluate the impact of the physical activity in individuals with muscular atrophy on the inferior members (wheelchair users) considering two main aspects: the quality of life and the self-perception of the venous return symptoms. Place and Duration of Study: Data of handicapped non athletes were collected from a universitary physiotherapy clinic at the University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data of the athletes’ sample (basketball players) were obtained from Cava do Bosque, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, between September 2013 and December 2013. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, with a convenience sampling of wheelchair users: non athletes (n=12) and athletes (n=13). A socio-demographic questionnaire was applied. Self-perception of functional performance and of venous symptoms was evaluated by the VEINES-QOL/Sym, and the quality of life was evaluated by the WHOQOL-Bref. The statistical analysis was performed by the Chi-square test for VEINES-QOL/Sym, Student’s t-test for WHOQOL-Bref and Student’s t-test, proportion test and G-test for the socio-demographic questionnaire. Results: Twenty-three subjects were men (92%). Data of physical conditions, environmental and psychological domains from WHOQOL-bref questionnaire demonstrated no significant differences between the groups. On the other hand, social relations domain had higher values in athletes compared to non athletes (P<.05). Results from VEINES-QOL/Sym questionnaire (the questions 1, 2, 3, 4(a, b, c), 5(b, c), 6, 7 and 8 showed no statistically significance between the groups. Analyzing the 4d (leisure activity) and 5a (time spent for daily activities) questions, higher values were observed for the athletes (P<.05). Conclusion: Considering the data obtained by WHOQOL/Bref survey, physical exercise improves the quality of life of wheelchair individuals. However, it has not been possible to establish the relationship between physical exercise and the improvement of self-perception on venous symptoms in wheelchair individuals.

Potenciais interações medicamentosas identificadas em prescrições a pacientes hipertensos / Potential drug interactions identified in prescriptions to hypertensive patients

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A hipertensão arterial (HA) é uma disfunção crônica com alta prevalência entre a população brasileira e mundial. A resposta terapêutica depende, na maioria dos casos, de politerapia o que propicia interações que podem impedir os benefícios do tratamento ou ainda causar sérios riscos à saúde dos pacientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar dados epidemiológicos descritivos acerca das interações medicamentosas presentes em prescrições, no sentido de apontar os potenciais riscos à saúde dos pacientes atendidos em centro médico público em uma cidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo. MÉTODO: Foi avaliada a população (600 pacientes de ambos os gêneros) que recebeu prescrições com, no mínimo, um medicamento anti-hipertensivo, tendo sido adquiridos na farmácia comunitária do Centro Médico "Januário Theodoro de Souza", Pradópolis, SP, entre fevereiro e março de 2009. RESULTADOS: Do total das prescrições, apenas 16,30% se baseou na monoterapia. Ao todo, foram prescritos 1855 medicamentos, ou seja, três medicamentos/paciente, não necessariamente fármacos anti-hipertensivos. Verificou-se 1440 interações, sendo 192 tipos diferentes, com média de 2,4 interações/paciente. Dos fármacos não anti-hipertensivos, os mais prescritos foram ácido acetilsalicílico (24,5%) e dipirona (14,0%). A maioria dos hipertensos foi submetida à politerapia e, portanto, frequentemente expostos às interações, principalmente com anti-inflamatórios não esteroides, o que, dentre outros efeitos adversos, corroboram para o aumento da pressão arterial. CONCLUSÃO: A politerapia anti-hipertensiva, inerente à prescrição, tem potencial para acarretar prejuízos à eficácia e segurança terapêutica (incluindo falta de adesão ao tratamento), devido às elevadas possibilidades de interações negativas.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hypertension is a chronic disorder with high prevalence among the Brazilian and worldwide population. The therapeutic response depends, in most cases, on the polytherapy, which provides interactions that may avoid the benefits of treatment or cause serious health risks to patients. The aim of this study was to present descriptive epidemiological data about drug interactions in the prescriptions, in order to point out potential risks to the health of patients treated in a Public Medical Center in a cityin the São Paulo state. METHOD: It was evaluated the population (600 patients of both genders) who received prescriptions containing, at least one, antihypertensive medication, which were acquired in the community pharmacy of the Medical Center "Januário Theodoro de Souza," Pradópolis, SP, between February and March/2009. RESULTS: Of the total prescriptions, only 16.3% were based on monotherapy. A total of 1855 drug prescriptions were recorded considering antihypertensive and other drugs, an average of three drugs per patient. There were 1440 drug interactions of 192 different types, with an average of 2.4 interactions per patient. Considering the non-antihypertensive drugs the most prescribed were acetylsalicylic acid (24.5%) and dipyrone (14.0%). Most hypertensive patients underwent polytherapy and therefore were frequently exposed to interactions, particularlyof antihypertensive with steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which, amongst other adverse effects, corroborate to increase blood pressure. CONCLUSION: The antihypertensive polytherapy, inherent in the prescription for treating this disorder, is potentially harmful to the efficacy and safety (including lack of adherence to treatment), due to high chances of negative interactions.

Impacto de um modelo de tratamento não farmacológico para diabetes e hipertensão no município de Rincão: projeto saúde e vida / Impact of a model of non-pharmacological treatment to diabetes mellitus and hypertension in Rincão: health and life project

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As condições crônicas não transmissíveis representam a principal causa de mortalidade e incapacidade em todo mundo. Entre elas, o diabetes mellitus (DM) e a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) representam 59% dos 56,5 milhões de óbitos anuais. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar o efeito do tratamento não farmacológico no controle do DM e HAS, propondo um modelo de abordagem aos pacientes. MÉTODO: Através do "Projeto Saúde e Vida": grupo de apoio aos portadores de DM e HAS no município de Rincão composto por dois graduandos de Medicina, um de educação física e um de enfermagem, sob orientação de um professor, realizaram palestras, atividade física, aferição de pressão arterial e glicemia na Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS), além de orientar atividade física regular e dieta específica. RESULTADOS: Setenta e quadro pacientes voluntários portadores de DM e HAS foram seguidos no período de abril de 2005 a junho de 2006, dos quais 36 frequentaram mais de cinco encontros, havendo melhora pressórica em 25 pacientes (69,4%) e melhora glicêmica em 24 pacientes (66,7%). Entre o grupo com menos de cinco encontros (38 pacientes) 19 pacientes (55,9%) tiveram melhora pressórica e 15 pacientes (54,29%) tiveram melhora glicêmica. CONCLUSÃO: O projeto mostrou o impacto positivo de ações simples, porém constantes, no controle do DM e HAS podendo servir de modelo para atuação de profissionais de saúde de UBS.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The chronic diseases with a non-contagious origin such as heart diseases, cancer, and diabetes became increasingly prevalent over the last century. Today, diabetes mellitus (DM) and high systemic blood pressure (SBP) represent 59% of 56.5 million deaths a year. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of non-pharmacological interventions in order to control the progression of these diseases. METHOD: This work was developed on basis of the project called "Health and Life Project". The research group consisted of two medical students, one physical education student and one nursing student supervised by a professor. The activities directed to the patients, during three months, including lectures about the importance of regular physical activity and specific diet; physical activities; measurement of the blood pressure and blood glucose at a Basic Health Unit in Rincão city. RESULTS: Seventy four patients were followed from April/2005 until June/2006. Thirty six went in more than five meetings. They had improved their blood pressure (25 patients -69.4%) and blood glucose measures (24 patients - 66.7%). Thirty eight patients had participated in less than five meetings, of this number, just 19 patients (55.9%) had presented improvements in blood pressure and 15 patients presented improvement in blood glucose.CONCLUSION: This work shows positive impact of simple but continuous actions to control of DM and SBP and it can be used as a model for Public Health Programs.